Helping small farmers think about better growing and marketing : a reference manual / [FAO Sub-Regional Office for the Pacific Islands]
- Bib ID:
- 4278913
- Format:
- Book
- Online Version:
- Table of contents only
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- Description:
-
- Rome, Italy : FAO, c2004
- xvi, 135 p. : ill. (some col.) ; 30 cm.
- ISBN:
- 9251052050
- Series:
- FAO Pacific farm management and marketing series, 1813-2332 ; 3.
- Full contents:
-
- Machine derived contents note: 2. THE CONTEXT AND ROLE OF FACILITATORS. w 5
- 2.1 Sustainable Livelihoods 5
- 2.2 How Farmers Make Decisions 7
- 2.3 The Modern Approach to Training and Extension 8
- 2.3.1 Changes in the Approach to Training 8
- 2.3.2 Changes in the Approach to Extension 9
- 2.3.3 The Changing Face of Extension...i
- 3. FARMING SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT 11
- 3.1 The Reality of the Small Farmers' Environment 11
- 3.2 The Farming Systems Approach 15
- 313 Implementing the FSD Approach 16
- 3.4 Overview of Data Collection Methods 16
- 3.4.1 Specific Types of Data Collection 17
- 3.4.2 Evaluating Methods of Data Collection 18
- 3.4.3 The Approach to Interviewing and Semi-Structured Interviewing ,20
- 3.413,1 Intenrviewing Tips 20
- 3.43.2 Semi-Structured Interviewing .> 21
- 3.5 Participatory Learning and Action Techniques 22
- 315.1 Specific Participatory Learning and Action Techniques 23
- 3.5. 1.1 Mapping and Modelling 23
- .5. 1.2 Venn Diagrams 25
- 3.5.1.3 Transect Walk i 26
- 3.5.1.4 Trend Analysis: Timelines (Historical Profiles) and Trendlines 27
- 3. 1.5 Seasonal Cycle Diagramming 28
- 3.5, 1 6 Ranking and Scoring Techniquess 29
- 3.5.2 Application of Informal Survey Techniques by FSD Stage 32
- 3.6 Increasing the Multiplier Impact of Facilitators 32
- 3.6.1 Using Farmer Groups , 33
- 3.6. i.1 Types of Groups , 33
- 3. 6 1.2 Advantages of Farmer Groups : 33
- 36, 1.3 issues Concerning the Formation and mFunctioning of Farmer Groups 35
- 3.6.2 Farmers as Unofficial Faci itiators 35.
- 3.6.3 Producing and Distributing Extension Leaflets s. 36
- 3.7 Concluding Comment on This Module , 37
- 4. FARM MANAG EM ENT 39
- 4.1 Estimating Costs of Production 40
- 4.11 Defining an Enterprise r::: ;: ? 40
- 4.1.2 Estimating Plot Size 41
- 44 1. 2. 1 Title Method ; 41
- 4.1.2.2 Num ber of Plants M ethod 41
- 4. 1.2.3 Field with a Simple Shape 42
- 4. 1.2.4 Fields with an Irregular Shape 42
- 4.1.3 Estimating or Measuring Inputs and Output in Relation to Area4 4
- 4. 1.3. 1 The Principle I 44
- 4. 1.3.2 Data Collection Procedure 4 44
- 4.1.4 Farm Information and Input Data Collection 45
- 4.2 Estimating Production and Its Value 46
- .2.1 Estimating Production 47
- 4,2. 1.1 Estimating Production: The Direct Approach J ,. L';1:m...1..:.. 47
- 4.2.1.2 Estimating Production: The Indirect Approach :47
- 4.2. 1.3 Example: Production Estimation with the Indirect Approach 48
- 4.2.2 Estimating Total Revenue and Value of Production.: 49
- 4.3 Conecluding Comment on Estimating inputs and Output I1??? 49
- 4,. Calculation of the Gross Margin 5 0 50
- 4.4.1 Definitions of Key Terms Used in Gross Margin Analysis : ; 50
- 4A.2 Steps in Doing Gross Margin Analysis 1 52 1 52
- 4.4.3 Additional issues Concerning Gross Margin Analysis 55
- 4,4.3.J Production Cycle Differences..., 55
- 4.4.3.2 Handling Labour 55
- 4.4.3.3 Dealing with Marketing Costs x.:i 1 : 55 lli:
- 4.4.4 Example: Gross Margin Calculation and Result Interpretation 6
- 4.4,5 Concluding Statem ent , 57
- 4.5 Partial Budget A na ys is r 57
- 4 5.1 When and Why to Use Partial Budget Analysis 1 57
- 4.52 Definitions of Key Terms Used in Partial Budget Analysis 58
- 4.5.3 Check List of Steps in Partial Budget Analysis 58
- 4.5.4 Example: Partial Budget Calculation and Result Interpretation ii 60
- 4.5.5 Concluding Statement ,..., ,. ,.,, 61
- 4,6 Sensitivity Analysis 6 2 ..:. 2 62
- 4.7 Evaluating Resource Flows for Planning Purposes I ʹ 63
- 4,7.1 Labour Flow s : : , 64
- 4,71 1 1 The Concept , 64 i.. l l 64
- 4. 1.2 Example: Monthly Labour Flow : ,-: I 64
- 4.7.2 Cash Flow Analysis C 65 . : I , 65
- 4.7.2, 1 The Concep t , 1 : 65
- 4.7.2.2 Example: Net Cash Flow :. : 66
- 4,7.3 Concluding Comment 67
- 4.8 W hole Farm Planning 68
- 4.8.1 Estimation of Net Farm Income , 68
- 4.8.2 Developing a Whole Farm Plan i1.:. I. 68
- 4.9 Concluding Comment on this Module w 69
- 5. M A R KETING 71
- 5.1 What Marketing Is and Why it is Important I 72
- 5..1 W hy Marketing is Important i 1.1. 72
- 5.1.2 Defining Marketing 7 " 73
- 5.+3 The Most Important Elements of Marketing 14-1 ? 174
- 5.2 Market Price Determ ination 74
- 5.2.1 Supply and Demand I. m 74
- 5.2.2 Price Fluctuations and Changes .7 5I 5 7R
- 5.2. 2..1 Short-Term Price Fluctuations 75
- 5.22.2 Long-Term Price Changes 7 5 76
- 5. 22.3 Concluding Comment I.i l I I 77
- 5.3 M arketing Chan nels 77
- 5.3.2 Specific Marketing Channels i l 11. l:I 78
- 5. 3.2.1 Farm Gate Marketing 7 78 l
- 5.3.2.2 Village (Farm Stall) Marketing ? 78
- 5.3.2.3 Produce or Urban Marketing 1: 79
- 5.3.2.4 Auction Marketing 80
- 5.3.2.5 Contract Marketing 80
- 5.3.2.6 Communal Marketing, 81
- 5.3. 2.7 Door-to-Door Marketing 8 i 81
- 5.3.3 Example: Marketing Channels. : 82
- 5.4 Marketing Costs 83
- 5.4.1 Types of Marketing Costs 83
- 5.4.2 Concluding Comment i 85
- 5.5 Farmers Adding Value l 85
- 5.5.1 Harvesting and Post-Harvest Handl ing Advice , 8 ; l:l 86
- 5.5.2 On-Farm Processing , 89
- 5.6 Seeking Marketing Advice and Information 89
- 5.6.1 Why Farmers Need Information i ii i 90
- 5.6.2 Sources of Market Information tm..., 91
- 5.6.3 Using Market Information for Production Planning : 92
- 5.6.4 Concl uding Comment 93
- 5.7 Developing a Marketing Plan ,,,,,,, , 93
- 5.7.1 Developing a Marketing Plan ?. : ,. 93
- 5.7.2 Advantages of a Marketing Plan 94
- 5.7.3 Concluding Comment 95
- 5.8 Con cluding Comment on this Module 95
- 6. PRODUCTION MARKETING LINKAGE 97 ʹ.. 97
- 6.1 Farm er G roups 97 ʹ 97
- 6.1.1 When Farmer Groups Are Useful ,,..l; 98
- 6.1.2 W hat Farmer Groups Can Do 1..1 98
- 6.1.3 Characteristics of Successful Groups 99
- 6.1.4 Requirements for Successful Group Economic Activity 100
- 6.1.5 Assessing a Group's Self-Reliance 101
- 6.1.6 Farmer Groups in the Pacific 102
- 6.2 Contract Farm ing 1 103
- 6.3 Accessing Grantsand oans an ?I 104
- 6.3.1 Loans and Grants to Group Activities I 104
- 6.3.2 Business Plan and Loan Packaging Services 104
- 6.3.3 Loan and Grant Sources I. ,, ,-??:.I ; ,,t 104
- 6.4 Concluding Comment on this Module 105
- "7. RISK AND UNCERTAINTY 1 07
- 7.1I Managing Risk and Uncertainty0 7 107
- 712 Information and Decision-Maki ng 10 8 108
- "73 Farming Strategies to Reduce Risk 1I 109
- 7.3.1 The Approach 109
- 73.2 Production Responses 110
- 7.3.3 Marketing Responses 111
- 7.3,4 Financial Responses 111
- 7.4 Concluding Comment on this module 112.
- Notes:
- Includes bibliographical references (p. 124-125) and index.
- Subject:
- Other authors/contributors:
- FAO Sub-Regional Office for the Pacific Islands
- Also Titled:
- Reference manual
- Copyright:
-
In Copyright
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- Reason for copyright status:
- Until 2074 [Created/Published Date + 70 Years]
Copyright status was determined using the following information:
- Material type:
- Literary Dramatic Musical
- Published status:
- Published
- Publication date:
- 2004
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