Free Black Adult Education before the Civil War [microform] / Elizabeth L. Ihle
- Bib ID:
- 5519757
- Format:
- Book and Microform
- Author:
- Ihle, Elizabeth L
- Description:
-
- [Washington, D.C.] : Distributed by ERIC Clearinghouse, 1990
- 26 p.
- Summary:
-
Although the first black organization chartered in the United States, the Free African Society, was chartered in 1787, education for free blacks was largely a 19th-century phenomenon. By the time the Civil War broke out, black adults outside the South had established social structures that offered them education in civic, intellectual, and spiritual forms. However, such education was accessible only to those who were economically secure enough to have the time and initiative to take advantage of it. From churches and other organizations such as clubs and societies, free black adults were able to improve their education, learn to take pride in their cultural heritage, enhance their confidence and self-image, and develop consensus on appropriate behavior and living standards. Many societies helped them develop self-protection as the groups provided a means for collective action against laws and acts of violence toward blacks. The history of free black adult education demonstrates steady growth and an increasing complexity of organization from the late 1700s to 1860. The organizations formed in this period offered a firm foundation for future development of black adult education in the latter half of the 19th century. (The document includes 17 references.) (CML)
- Notes:
-
- ERIC Note: Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association (Boston, MA, April 1990).
- May also be available online. Address as at 14/8/18: https://eric.ed.gov/
- Reproduction:
- Microfiche. [Washington D.C.]: ERIC Clearinghouse microfiches : positive.
- Subject:
- Available From:
- ERIC
- Copyright:
-
In Copyright
You may copy under some circumstances, for example you may copy a portion for research or study. Order a copy through Copies Direct to the extent allowed under fair dealing. Contact us for further information about copying.
Copyright status was determined using the following information:
- Material type:
- Literary Dramatic Musical
- Published status:
- Published
- Publication date:
- 1990
Copyright status may not be correct if data in the record is incomplete or inaccurate. Other access conditions may also apply. For more information please see: Copyright in library collections.
Request this item
Request this item to view in the Library’s reading room.
Feedback
Similar items
- Ungrateful servants? Edgefield's black reconstruction: Part 1 of the total history of Edgefield County, South Carolina [microform]
- A theoretical and historical comparison of black political and religious movements [microform]
- White man, listen! With an introd. by John A. Williams
- [Black swan] [picture] / [George Gordon McCrae]
- Farewell to innocence : a socio-ethical study on Black theology and Black power / Allan Aubrey Boesak